AriostoS Orlando Furioso Essays - Matter Of France, Astolfo

AriostoS Orlando Furioso Even in the classics, an author must have something outrageous to keep his readers attention. Ariosto, in his Orlando Furioso, does so with winged horses and curses placed upon high ranking officials. The main character in cantos 33-35 is Astolfo, and he starts his journey by riding upon a hippogryph. A hippogryph, in mythology, is a flying animal having the wings, claws, and head of a griffin and the body and hindquarters of a horse. Astolfo rides this winged horse for quite awhile, journey through many different lands. During this time, the hippogryph has control over where Astolfo goes, and they end at Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, it is said that fire is used in baptism (canto 33: 102) which proves the Emperor Senapos influence. The land is covered in gold, and everything Astolfo would use iron for was gold. There were gems and precious jewels everywhere, and the lines describe how the Emperor of Ethiopia has absolute power over even the Sultan of Egypt, because the Emperor controls the flow of the Nile. There was never an Emperor more powerful or rich, but Senapo was afflicted with lost eyesight and a horrible curse that wouldnt allow him to eat any meal in peace. These hardships occurred when Senapo was a young man and very arrogant. He decided to battle against God Himself, and climbed the very mountain that the fabled Adam and Eve lived upon. God became very angry with Senapo, and blinded him and opened the gate of hell to little harpy demons that would come and eat any food placed before him. A prophecy told that Senapo would have these afflictions until a man upon a winged horse came flying in to save him, and when Astolfo flew in on his hippogryph, the Emperor thought he at last would be saved. Emperor Senapo invites Astolfo to his dinner table, but the demons still come and eat all the food. Astolfo drew his sword and tried to kill the harpies, but it was no use. They were brought from hell and therefore could not be killed by conventional means. Eventually, Astolfo follows the harpies with his magical horn and finds the tree that leads to hell, goes down a flight of stairs, talks to a woman who is in eternal damnation, follows the steps back up, and seals the entrance. After trapping the harpy demons back into the hell from whence they came, Astolfo flies up to the peak of a mountain and meets a clergyman. The clergyman tells him that Orlandos mind is lost and can only be found on the moon. They travel to the moon, find Orlandos wits in a jar labeled The wits of Orlando and return the wits to their owner. The plot itself ends here, and the rest of canto 34 and 35 are about Ariostos views of humanity and poetry. He uses the lost and found place on the moon to tell the readers that folly, or foolishness, is never lost, and is always found on Earth. Ariosto goes on to say that poetry is Gods gift to men, and any lord that denies the beauty of poetry and turns a genuine poet away risks being forgotten forever. If one is a lord and wants to be remembered for the good deeds he did during his life, he ought to have a sincere and talented poet in his house and included in his staff. Otherwise, he will go to hell and be forgotten forever. This story is basically for entertainment purposes, although it has sentimental meaning to the author. He wrote this is response to another mans writing where Orlando is also the man character and included in the title. Ariostos Orlando Furioso is considered a classic piece of literature, and even Shakespeare has read this work. This story was interesting in that it explored aspects of humanity and the arts while keeping the plot alight with mythical images and intense characters. Book Reports

World Religions Report Assignment

World Religions Report Assignment Buddhism is a religion that I had never explored prior. Through my interview, I have found that Buddhism is an interesting religion. Buddhism was founded by Siddartha Gautama, and eventually, he became the Buddha. His intentions were not to form a new religion, only to modify an older one. Brahmanism, or Hinduism, had become very orthodox and Siddartha was a minor king of Northern India. One day, he ventured outside the palace walls and saw how life really was. Inspired, Siddartha left his home and family to look for the meaning of life. For years, he listened to and studied with the Indian wise men; then he turned to meditation. Discouraged from not finding the answer he wanted, he sat under a fig tree. Siddartha determined that he sat there until he found the answer, this lasted 49 days. It finally came to him, and he became Buddha. Buddhism was founded.Golden Buddha Statue of Gold Buddhism ReligionBuddhism is a reformed version of Hinduism, which includes the Four Noble Truths. Th e Four Noble Truths are the foundation for all forms of Buddhist philosophy:1. There is suffering.2. Suffering is caused.3. Eliminating the causes of suffering can extinguish suffering.4.The way to extinguish the causes of suffering is to follow the Middle Way stated in the Eightfold Path (Fisher, 2005).The Eightfold Path also comes from Buddha. It teaches to practice moderation. It is the practical side of Buddhism. If followed, one may achieve true enlightenment, or nirvana. Buddha believed that you could live a perfect life and not have to continue in the samsara. The basic way to this is the Eightfold Path, which says to practice moderation in these areas:1. Right views. You must have the right mindset.2. Right intent (or right resolution) a person must want actively to...

Operating Systems and Networking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Operating Systems and Networking - Coursework Example the following fields: opcode: 8 bits ra: 6 bits rb: 6 bits rc: 6 bits rd: 6 bits where ra, rb, rc, specify three input registers and rd specifies one destination register. If there is a single register file to store the identifications of all registers, how many registers could there be in that register file? 1.3. A processor has 24 registers, uses 8-bit immediate, and has 36 different instructions (corresponding to 36 operation codes) in its instruction set. These 36 instructions are classified into 4 types as listed below: Assume that the ISA requires that all instructions be multiple of 8 bits (1 byte) in length, and the operation codes (opcodes) are fixed length. Answer the following questions and write down the calculation steps involved. Type C: 6 bits of the operation code, 5 bits for the source register, 8 bits of the immediate, and 5 bits of the destination register. This totals to 19 bits. These are rounded up again to 24 bits. 24 bits are equivalent to 3 bytes. Therefore 3 bytes are required to encode type c instruction. The pipelining diagram is used to show the execution of a series or a sequence of instructions of processes of a computer. In the diagram, the sequence of instructions is shown vertically; that is from the top to the bottom. As for the clock cycles, they are often shown in the horizontal; that is from the left to the right. Each and every instruction is divided into its component stages. There are 3 instructions. Suppose a non-pipelining processor took 50 Nano seconds to process one instruction, and then it would take 3 * 50 = 150 Nano seconds to complete all the instructions. However when pipelining is used, we instead have 4 segment pipeline with a clock cycle that takes at least 10 Nano seconds approximately. 2.2. Suppose we have a slightly more complex program with data dependency and branches. Assume that in the case of branching, the instruction following a branch is always executed. Note that a conditional branch

Should all organisations consider their brand as an employer Essay - 1

Should all organisations consider their brand as an employer - Essay Example to establish brand as an employer as such practices enhance the value proposition of the employer that is reflected in their business operations (Kashyap and Rangnekar, 2014). In order to sustain frequent economic and financial turmoil in the complex business environment, an organization has to possess relevant human assets with technological and behavioural competencies. As the process of employer branding involves extensive research of internal and external environment to understand the exact position of the employer in the market, determining further fundamental action plan for fulfilling the gap in the perceived image of the employer among the target group becomes easier (Newell, 2005). Therefore, the organization gets an opportunity to communicate its employers’ value proposition (EVP) and areas of improvement according to the research result in the market segment to be perceived as one of the distinct employers in its area of operations (Edwards, 2012). With a quest to be a part of good organizational environment, which is really scarce in the corporate world, potential candidates are willing to put less emphasis on monetary benefits if they understand long term career prospects, sound values and cultural practices in an organization (Saini, Rai and Chaudhary, 2014). Hence, adoption of employer branding serves business environment in two ways. The organization gets an easy access to skill enriched pool of candidates for serving the organizational purpose in an efficient manner and the candidates also receives an opportunity to exercise their existing talents in the organizational framework (Grà ¼newà ¤lder, 2008). Moreover, international mobility of skilled workforce and archaic skills of the aging personnel has also necessitated organizations to create an employer brand to retain and attract the best talents for enhancing business performance in the upcoming future (Kupfernagel, 2009). Researchers have shown that almost 69% of t he Americans prefer to be

Right to Die persuasuve speech for Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Right to Die persuasuve speech for - Essay Example Imagine April dying in less than a year in a most horrible way, on a hospital bed while her baby is crying to be held by her and only her. Maybe she won’t even die. Maybe she will be living on life support. Imagine the trouble her husband will have in moving on if she’s just there and just how critical it will be, at a time like this, to move on, for the baby’s sake. I’d like to talk about the reasonable acceptability of ‘rational suicide’, ‘euthanasia’, ‘mercy killing’ or ‘dying with dignity’. Each of these gives every person the right to die with dignity and gives them the authority to choose the time of their death and how and with whose help it should happen (Sokol, 2007). My main points throughout this debate will be focused around two major arguments – â€Å"Those two arguments are the mercy argument -- the notion of sparing someone unnecessary suffering -- and the self-determination argument, the right to determine ones own fate or level of care while dying.† (Newman, 1992). First of all, many patients on respirators or life support systems are not conscious and so do not have the power to decide whether they want to live or die (Fisher, 2006). In such cases, families or doctors have to decide and do their best to relieve the patients and family members of pain. In such cases, mercy killing seems to be a great option for the patients, and a decision that they themselves must probably have made. Even when some patients are made aware of their life expectancy, they should be allowed to choose death as right of self-determination and choosing one’s own fate. Secondly, there is a risk in everything but when the benefits outweigh these risks, a counter approach which is risky is still taken. For example, every time we travel in our cars, we risk the threat of accidents or being killed on the road. Despite the many deaths that take place because of road accidents, this risk is ignored, keeping in mind the

Natural Law and Legal Positivism

Natural Law and Legal Positivism In order to answer this question one must assess and consider the concepts of natural law and legal positivism. It is also important to define validity and consequently power. Equally the law needs to be seen as being valid as it adds purpose and legitimacy to the law and the legal system itself, this in turn helps to determine the notion of obedience. According to the thesis of natural law, the only way to evaluate the law is by reference to morality and ethnics. The thesis of natural law makes reference to different types of law. These consist of eternal law, divine law and natural law, all of which contain reference to God and morality. This premise upon the existence of human law. The higher principles of natural law are deemed to be legitimate and thus valid as they are believed to be linked to truth and justice. Morality is therefore seen as a good tool to measure validity under the natural law thesis because it provides an external aid for evaluation and it allows the ‘goodness’ of the law to be measured. It is clear that good law are real laws and therefore require obedience. This includes the power of the intervention of a sanction. This theory can be distinguished by the school of thought known as legal positivism. This theory is used to describe what the law actually is and premises on the idea that the higher principles identified in the natural law thesis can not be proved in reality and thus positivism looks to the human law, which by the definition of natural law could not contain validity without reference to the higher principles. Legal positivism removes the idea of morality[1] from the precise structure. Positivism is based on the concepts of rules, created by a figure in authority and containing the imposition of sanctions if the law is broken. However, the structure is held together and measured against the concept of morality, obedience and power. This in turn provides validity through the usage of the concepts of ‘rules, authority and sanctions’. All of which can be objectively measured. In terms of the classical approach to positivism, Jeremy Bentham criticised the assumptions made by the thesis of natural law and identified the ‘is/ought’ debate in order to introduce the legal ‘is’ to the moral ‘ought’. Bentham tried to create a scientific approach to the subject of law. He stated that morality and ethnics should be decided by the censor[2] whilst the action of defining the law was left to the expositor[3]. Bentham attempted to show through his theory of law that the structure was based upon a series of commands. Bentham believed that a command is an expression of an intention or wish[4] regarding the conduct of other individual’s[5]. Bentham attempted to separate morality from the law, without actually discarding morality per se. Instead Bentham says that morality plays no role in the definition of law. It is clear that the application of a scientific approach to law derives from the concept of power to impose sanction s as a matter of right. This in turn validities the structure of positivism. Bentham’s theory can be distinguished by his ‘disciple’, John Austin. Austin premised his theory on Bentham’s command theory. It is clear that Austin’s theory is more refined as he separates different types of commands within the structure. According to his work ‘The Province of Jurisprudence Determined’ Austin stated that his commands theory originated from a sovereign figure. He said ‘Positive laws, or laws strictly so called, are established directly or immediately by authors of three kinds: by monarchs, or sovereign bodies, as supreme political superiors: by men in a state of subjection, as subordinate political superiors: by subjects, as private persons, in pursuance of legal rights. But every positive law, or every law strictly so called, is a direct or circuitous command of a monarch or sovereign member†¦.to a person or persons in a state of subjection to its author[6]’. Thus, the sovereign figure is an identifia ble person that is valid through the legitimate use of force and power under the object of authority. Austin uses this notion to show how laws emanate from the identifiable individual to produce validity and in effect authority and power. In Austin’s command theory the question of why do people obey the law is posed. Austin decided that the reason people obey the law is due to the habitual role to comply from the sovereign. This is due to the perceived threat of the imposition of a sanction through the power afforded from the right of the law. Equally, according to W. D Ross in his works ‘The Right and the Good’, Ross identified the reason why people obey due to ‘the fact that its laws are potent instruments for the general good[7]’. This indicates that the law is a power based subject and as such the threat of a sanction is based upon the notion of power. This is similar to the theory of Thomas Aquinas who believed that the ultimate goal of law is to preserve peace. This again, is arguably a power based subject that is structured on the concept of means and ends. These theories can be distinguished by the works of John Rawls who in 1971 scripted a ‘Theory of Justice’ which identified a moral duty for people to obey law. This moral obligation by its nature implies a certain degree of coercion. This coercion by nature is a power that the law relies upon to enforce a sanction. However, according to Herbert L. A Hart who argued that ‘when a number of persons conduct any joint enterprise according to rules and restrict liberty, those who have submitted to these restrictions when required have a right to a similar submission from those who have been benefited by their submission’. Thus Hart identifies obedience as an internal and external source, his emphasis in his ‘principle of fair play’ that there are both private and official concepts of obedience. This by its imposition inserts power as the primary course of legal authority. However, Hart criticised the imposition of forced compliance as it is an unaccep table form of compliance. According to Hart, the positivist theory requires the free choice of an individual to comply. However, obedience as a matter of course is a power orientated tool. Obedience is a tool by which the law can be judged as valid, however the fear of an imposed sanction is by its nature power based. In terms of modern positivist thought, Hans Kelsen indicated that law is based upon a set of ‘norms’. He stated in his works ‘The Pure Theory of Law[8]’ that ‘all norms whose validity can be traced back to one and the same basic norm constitute a system of norms, a normative order. The basic norm is the common source for the validity of all norms that belong to the same order- it is their reason of validity’. These norms are structured upon a hierarchy of components, which are small and specific in content at the bottom. These raise up in general application to become basic components. These only exist due to the validity of the ‘grundnorm’. This is the norm that occupies the apex of the hierarchy and validities the lower norms. This form of validity premises, due to its nature, on the legitimate use of force and thus power in the concept of authority. Again, this use of power is unjustifiable by Hart. According to Hart, in his main work, ‘The Concept of Law’, he criticised aspects of Austin’s command thesis, namely the idea that the sovereign figure being identifiable, the idea that the law is a series of commands and the emphasis on the internal and external concepts. In Hart’s theory two distinctive types of rules, the primary rules, which limit or expand the liberty of an individual, and the secondary rules, which concern themselves with explaining the other rules. These secondary rules can be divided into the power to create legislation, secondly, the power to create adjudication, and finally the rule of recognition, which by definition is not power based, rather it is a set of conditions that a norm must follow in order to be valid. This theory of law was subsequently criticised by Ronald Dworkin. Dworkin preferred to look at law as a function of a social convention and in effect a contract based on a system of rules and ‘non-rule standards’. Thus, when a court has a ‘hard case’ to rule upon they use both political and moral principles to interpret and apply the law, thus Dworkin argued that a separate ethos of law and morality cannot in reality exist. Thus, a social convention by nature is based upon the imposition of power through the perceived threat of a sanction. Dworkin used the social convention to demonstrate a rule of compliance through the imposition of power and authority in the law. In conclusion, the nature of the differing schools of thought within jurisprudence are centralised around the concept of power. In natural law this premised upon the idea of God and morality through the nature and justifications of the existence of God and morality, and the effect of being judged by these institutions. In legal positivism the application of power is through the structure of law being delivered through an authoritative figure and containing sanctions if the enacted law is broken. The concept of power is therefore centralised in both schools of thought. Power is the main basis that validities the law and is the main working purpose of the law. However, in both schools of thought power is defined slightly differently and arguable is camouflaged by the terms of the good of natural law and the basic norm. The rule of recognition, although not a power orientated component, it is most certainly in existence due to the concept of power imposed by the other rules and regulati ons. Footnotes [1] Morality in itself cannot be measured. Legal positivism asks why a tool that is imprecise and abstract should be used to measure something that should be precise. [2] ‘Ought’ [3] ‘Is’ [4] Known as a volition. [5] ‘What a Law is’, UC 1xix, 70-71; OLG 1. [6] The Province of Jurisprudence Determined. [7] Circa 1930, page 27. [8] Kelsen believed that ‘The pure theory of law is a theory of positive law. As a theory it is exclusively concerned with the accurate definition of its subject matter. It endeavours to answer the question, what is law? But not the question, what ought it to be? It is a science and not a politics of law’. Pure Theory of Law (1934-1935) from volumes 50-51 LQR.

Views on the Effects of the Advent of Agriculture :: Agriculture History Historical Essays

Views on the Effects of the Advent of Agriculture 4,000 BC: Today, I awoke when the sun was just over the treetops. It was wonderful to be able to sleep in again. Our last hunt was so successful, we've had enough meat to feed the entire tribe for three days, now, and we feel that it will suffice until tomorrow, when we'll go out again. The big game is everywhere, lately. Later on this afternoon, I plan on taking our tribe's oldest son out into the wilderness to help him with his spear-throwing technique. I slept with one of the women of our tribe last night. My cousin will lay with her tonight, and her sister has asked me to lay with her . For some reason, the rythm of the furs seems to be most passionate just before a hunt. Perhaps it's the beat of the drums of the Ceremony of the Hunt; the dancing of the bon-fire flames; the voices of men and women shouting the invocations of the Bison-gods, again thanking them for the sucess of the last hunt. We praise them for the abundance they provide. So tomorrow, we will again set out to find another herd of large game which will hopefully feed us for another three or four days. We follow the game. No two more than four or five nights are ever spent in the same place. It is the dynamic nature of our people. If we stay too long in one place, the Earth will not provide for us. We must move on. Nothing is more refreshing than seeing the dawn in an entirely new surrounding (except, perhaps, not seeing the dawn at all, because the previous evening was so good). 1,500 BC: I killed my brother yesterday. He fornicated with my woman. I came home from my days work, harvesting the potatoes, and found him mounting her in my own house. It was my right to take his life. The rest of the village was pleased with my actions. I was protecting my possessions. When I first caught the two of them, I called two of my cousins to help detain my brother. That evening, we held a meeting with the chief and all the wise men of the village. It was decreed that I was to take his life in full view of the whole village. The only time such things are allowed is during the Fertility Dances which take place only once a year, and whose time is dictated by the chief.

Biography of Dr. Jose Rizal Essay

Jose Rizal’s full name is Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal Merchado Y Alonzo. He is the 7th out of 11 children he is born in June 19 1861 His birth place was calamba, laguna his nationality is Filipino he has 10 or more languages known his contributions are El Filibustirismo , Noli Metangere and the last that he wrote is Mi Ultimo Adios he is the founder of Laliga Filipina and the their news paper la solidaridad he did because of faithfully defending for our nation. Why Dr. Jose Rizal became our National Hero? Dr. Jose P. Rizal became our national Hero because he was able to defend and fought the Spaniards for our country through his books like NOLI ME TANGERE (March, 1877), EL FILIBUSTERISMO (Sept. 18, 1891) AND MI ULTIMO ADIOS (1986) Why we study Rizal? As a Filipino we need to study the life of Rizal not just because he is our National Hero but because his life has great things to share to each and everyone. And as a student who took up the course of Education, studying Rizal will help us to teach our future students who will need the same knowledge and learning that we are looking forward today. How many bachelor courses or degrees of Rizal finish before he become national heroes? Dr. Jose Rizal was able to study 5 bachelor courses in his college life, namely 1. Bachelor of Arts-Ateneo Municipal de Manila (1877 2. Bachelor of Philosophy in Letters- University of Santo Tomas Difference of Noli metangere and El Filibusterismo 1. rizal dedicated noli to the philippines while el fili was dedicated to the GOMBURZA. 2. noli is a novel about society. it discusses the different diseases that the philippines experienced during the spanish era like colonial mentality and the unjust treatment of friars to the indios. el fili is a political novel which discusses the reign of the greed. Noli Me Tangere †¢ Influenced by Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew †¢ Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe †¢ Bible †¢ Describing the Philippines under the Spanish Government and Church †¢ Jose Rizal was a student in Univiersidad Central de Madrid †¢ House of Paterno – every propagandist will give a chapter as theircontribution †¢ But the propagandist wants to write about women in Europe and aboutgambling †¢ Rizal wrote it by himself †¢ â€Å"Don’t touch me†, Huwag mo kong salingin †¢ It should be in the gospel of John instead of Luke â€Å"Araw ng Pagkabuhay† /Resurrection with St. Mary of Magdalene †¢ It was made in Madrid, Paris and Germany †¢ Lost chapter in Elias at Salome †¢ Finished in 1887 Berlin †¢ 2000 copies for P300 borrowed from Maximo Viola †¢ Copies were given to Ferdinand Blumentritt, Graciano Lopez, Mariano Ponceand Felix Hidalgo †¢ The galley proof was given to Mr. Viola as sense of gratitude †¢ Dedicated to the Philippines †¢ Social Cancer †¢ Chapter 1 – House of Kapitan Tiyago †¢ Characters: Crisostomo Ibara son of Don Rafael Ibarra – friend of Kapitan Tiyago (owner of the house) †¢ Ma. Clara – lover of the main character †¢ Padre Damaso-fat Franciscan curate of San Diego †¢ Padre Sibyla – Dominican friar of Binondo †¢ Senyor Guevarra – Tenyente †¢ Don Tiburcio de Espadana and Donya Victorina †¢ Easy reading, more of action and motion (Voltairian EL FILIBUSTERISMO †¢ Motivated by the Calamba affair and not by his experience in his studentyears †¢ Both Noli and El Fili shows strong anti-Clerical and even anti-Catholic color †¢ It discredit the colonial government and religious institutes †¢ A weapon used by a rationalist liberal of the 19 †¢ century would use †¢ Made in Brussels Belgium in Ghent with Jose Alejandrino and EdilbertoEvangelista †¢ With the help of Valintin Ventura †¢ Dedicated to Gomburza †¢ Noli – love story, El Fili – revenge and anger †¢ Both show situation of the Philippines during the Spanish Period †¢ Idea of liberalism, Freedom and Revolution †¢ Thoughtful, discursive and dialectical †¢ Effects of Leonor Rivera, Calamba Controversy, M.H del Pilar †¢ El Fili students – humorous, critical, serious, optimist, frivolous, pessimists,industrious, indifferent, noisy, silent, leaders and followers †¢ Students discussing and debating – defeat of their cause †¢ Plans of students – revolution Meaning of El Filibusterismo and Noli Metangere El Filibusterismo, also known by its English alternate title The Reign of Greed, is the second novel written by Philippine national hero Josà © Rizal. It is the sequel to Noli Me Tangere and like the first book, was written in Spanish. Nilo Metangere That came from the Bible. Jesus said that to Mary Magdalene, when she tried to touch Him when He rised from the dead. Jose Rizal used that phrase as a title because first, he read the bible himself. Second is he used it as a figure of speech. The title simply meant, â€Å"If you touch me, I will fight back†. Our teacher in Philippine literature said in our class once that he compared the Philippines at the time of the Spaniards as a cancer patient. And that cancer patients are pretty hostile. When touched (which oftentimes feel very painful for them) would be mad at the one who touched him. Jose Rizal used this as a message to the Filipino people. He was encouraging Filipinos to stand up and fight back..

Different Perspectives on the Nature of the Inconsolable Grief Essay Example

Different Perspectives on the Nature of the Inconsolable Grief Essay Example Different Perspectives on the Nature of the Inconsolable Grief Paper Different Perspectives on the Nature of the Inconsolable Grief Paper Grief is such a dark concept. It has the ability to envelope a person with darkness and burden which may push down his or her soul into a state of inconsolable anguish. Many real life experiences of having to deal with death have taught the world that there are things which are hard to cope with. Grief, no matter what its causes, has been a dreaded experience due to the profound and dreary sentiment associated with it. Grief may also cause fear and distress to its victims, rendering them incapable of appreciating the light and the pleasant bounties of life since their eyes are blinded by the sorrow they are feeling. Indeed, grief is always a painful process to go through. This process of grieving was explored and expounded by Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross (1973). Her explanation deals with the grief experienced by people during a death of a loved one. She looked at grief as a process wherein people experience difficulty in different intensity and levels. In her book On Death and Dying, Kà ¼bler-Ross (1973) enumerated five stages of grief. The Denial stage, which is the first of the five stages, is the event when the grieving person rejects the fact of the cause of grief. This is often manifested when an individual grieves at the loss of a loved one. The death is usually denied, for the grieving person often finds it hard to accept the painful truth of loss in the beginning (Kà ¼bler-Ross, 1973). The second stage is Anger. In this stage, the grieving person will usually question fate or even God for subjecting him or her to a harsh experience. Once a person deals with grief, he or she usually tries to think whether the experience is a punishment for any misdeed in the past or a mere injustice of fate (Kà ¼bler-Ross, 1973). After anger, Bargaining happens. People who are already in this stage of grief will try to compromise or exchange something valuable for the chance of getting over grief immediately. Grief can come to a point when desperation of moving on will occupy an individual and cause him or her to do anything just to overcome the experience. The fourth stage, according to Kà ¼bler-Ross (1973), is Depression, the stage when the grieving person will feel like he or she does not want to care anymore because of numbness and exasperation. Finally, Acceptance eventually comes. This is the point when the person starts to prepare for the things that may come (Kà ¼bler-Ross, 1973). In several ways, John Bowlby, who has also been prominent in discussion about grief, supported Kà ¼bler-Ross’ perspectives. Just like Kà ¼bler-Ross, he sees the grief process as aiming to get to a resolution point where everything will just end (Christianson Johnson, 2001). Moreover, together with C. Murray Parkes, Bowlby (n.d.) presented an outline of the grief process similar to Kà ¼bler-Ross’ stages of grief (cited in Christianson Johnson, 2001). This outline contains the following: â€Å"1) shock and numbness; 2) yearning and searching; 3) disorientation and disorganization; and 4) resolution and reorganization† (cited in Christianson Johnson, 2001, n.p.). Considering the stages of the theories of Kà ¼bler-Ross and Bowlby, it could be assumed that, although people experience the levels of grief at varying intensity and duration, their grief will only come to pass with acceptance and resolve to overcome the grieving process. This process of grief, especially the stage of anger, was clearly depicted in C.S. Lewis’ A Grief Observed. Using his personal experience when he lost his wife, he described grief as a state wherein difficult questions may seem to surface in the grieving person’s mind, and that he or she tends to direct these questions towards God, the One who seems to make everything happen. Lewis’ experiences reflect the reality that people tend to question God whenever they lose a loved one since they would think He is the only one who has the ability to make such painful things happen. His story presents the idea that people oftentimes find God unwelcoming compared to times when people seek him for praise and thanksgiving. â€Å"When you are happy, so happy that you have no sense of needing Him [†¦] if you remember yourself and turn to Him with gratitude and praise, you will be - or so it feels - welcomed with open arms. But go to Him when your need is desperate, when all other help is vain, and what do you find? A door slammed in your face.† (Lewis, 1963, p. 5) Considering the aforementioned thoughts and perspectives about grief, it can be inferred that grief is a natural yet very difficult process every person may go through anytime. More than the chance to recover immediately, it appears that people experiencing grief also need enlightenment and guidance since the grief tends to cloud up their minds by questions and thoughts of injustice which can sometimes be very deceiving. Perhaps, grief must be faced, and a person must indeed face it with utmost strength and belief in him- or herself that he or she will be able to go through it. While it leaves painful memories, grief must also be seen as a learning experience that teaches people to give importance to everything and everyone that they have while they still exist. This is because only when something or someone is lost that its or his/her value will be realized, and this is the moment when grief will be most painful. References Christianson, C. Johnson, V. (2001). The Grief Process. Birth Defects Genetics Center. Retrieved February 12, 2009 from usd.edu/med/som/genetics/curriculum/4DGRIEF4.htm. Kastenbaum, R. Acute Grief. Death Reference. Retrieved February 12, 2009 from deathreference.com/Gi-Ho/Grief.html Kà ¼bler-Ross, E. (1973). On Death and Dying. Great Britain: Tavistock Publication Limited. Lewis, C. S. (1963). A Grief Observed. New York: Seabury Press.

Combining Academic Knowledge and Practicality

Combining Academic Knowledge and Practicality The idea of social responsibility came from Adolph Ochs pledge when he bought the New York Times in 1896. It was a promise to â€Å"give the news impartially, without fear or favor, regardless of party, sect or interest involved†. The educational requirement of press and broadcasting profession in Europe in the 1930s was only high school degrees. The absence of formal education for journalist let to the creation of different schools for journalism such as the establishment of Turkey Two-Year Institute of Journalism in 1949. However, although there were about 500 students enrolled in the program, the initiative failed due to the lack of qualified lecturers. In 1965, UNESCO supported the establishment of Journalism and Communications Higher School in Ankara and gave French journalist Georges Pitoleff and four other students scholarships abroad. Since journalism involves giving importance to public interest and being aware of social problems, human rights, equality, and cultural diversity, the mission of ILEF is to combine knowledge with practical lives. This in practice is providing core and basic skills and developing students public interest and desire to make a better world. Journalism’s relationship with social structures and institutions made it a public interest in terms of ethics and social responsibility. For instance, investigative journalists were questioned regarding the ethical implications of their expose on people’s privacy. Journalists’ strong emphasis on freedom of the press and social responsibility often result to media framing, an enduring practice affecting people’s attitudes towards social issues such as crime, internet safety, and others. The Bright Sides of Academic Intellectuals We Call Nerds Public Interest and Press Freedom Public interest and limitations of press freedom are the practical aspects of journalism education. In reality, journalists are often interested in socially relevant issues transpiring in different sectors. Their work normally involves choosing between professional interest and social responsibility and therefore requires a morally sound journalist. Journalism is often praised when it is fair and socially responsible thus a good journalist follows the rules of their work and aware of society’s demands of journalism. The idea of social responsibility came from Adolph Ochs pledge when he bought the New York Times in 1896. It was a promise to â€Å"give the news impartially, without fear or favor, regardless of party, sect or interest involved†. The pledge was later on adopted by the journalism community that later developed the idea of â€Å"journalistic independence†. However, great responsibilities are often hard to fulfill, as journalism in practice is historically associated with horrifying practices such as fabrication in news stories, publishing of fake photographs, impersonation, racism, and others. Higher education help journalism students developed academic and practical skills necessary in professional and social responsible journalist. However, since journalism, in reality, involves professional interest, the practical aspects of journalism education should be given more emphasis particularly in the area of public interest and human dignity and privacy.

Descriptive Writting about the Beach in summertime Essay

Descriptive Writting about the Beach in summertime - Essay Example We smiled a grateful smile and raced towards its beginning but the waave had no beginning and no ending we just jumped in with a joy that could not be out into words but could be seen written on our faces as we marched onto the reason for our supreme ectasy we were proud to be finally at our destination- heaven a place where we belonged. We could not wait to make a dash for the welcoming waters. Our intense focus on the dazzling spectacle before us was interrupted when someone shouted, â€Å"Surf’s up, its summertime!† Everyone melted into spontaneous laughter. We could not contain our bliss and so it spilled over into utter desperation to taste the freedom and the energy that was summoning us to enter. This highly charged atmosphere was filled with the joie de vivre that exudes from a bridegroom as he is finally allowed to privately touch his virgin bride. Captivating silence was interjected with a sudden, loud splash and a bang. That was the announcement of the breakers as they crashed against the beckoning shore. The sea was like a roaring lion waiting to engulf us in its powerful jaw whilst the sheer brilliance of the sun painted the waters with shiny, shimmery, golden flecks. We could wait no longer and so triumphantly began our journey to reach the epitome of ecstasy. We were ready to fly. As the waves deafeningly appeared to draw closer and closer, beckoning us to its enthralling embrace, we succumbed to its bewitching effect and dashed off to grasp a drop of majestic splendor. We smiled a lovesick smile and raced towards its beginning but the breakers had no beginning and no ending. We were engulfed into its enormous hug and as a baby to its mother’s breast we breathed a breath of pure joy that could not be put into words but could be seen written on our faces as we longingly embraced the reason for our supreme ecstasy. We were

Article summary Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Summary - Article Example Meanwhile U.S intelligence had been watching Libya for months but no one was able to give warnings of the Benghazi attacks, as disclosed by another U.S official under condition of anonymity because they are not allowed to talk about intelligence matters in public. However in terms of spies on the ground U.S army has kept surveillance over Libya since ages, these spies are intermixed with the locals and they do not carry arms and ammunition and their names are even not disclosed. Furthermore to increase the area they cover, the frequent use of drone technology is put to practice, one official said. Moreover intelligence which is gathered from the air by using drone also requires confirmation from the sources or spies on the grounds in order to attack or to go after for targets. So therefore need of more spies is somehow justified by U.S officials in this way. Likewise since Libya is in a re-developmental phase so there is confusion and competitiveness likely to present amongst the different political and religious parties, furthermore â€Å"The Libyans in just about every endeavor are just learning to walk, let alone run," said by Paul Pillar (Dozier, 2012). Dozier, K. (15 Sep. 2012). ‘U.S. Scrambles to rush spies drones to Libya.’ USA Today. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from Harding, L., and Stephen, C. (12 Sep. 2012). ‘Chris Stevens, US ambassador to Libya, killed in Benghazi attack.’ The Guardian. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from